{"id":1615,"date":"2025-02-21T20:53:56","date_gmt":"2025-02-22T01:53:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/casit.bgsu.edu\/marblog\/?p=1615"},"modified":"2025-04-03T09:37:29","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T13:37:29","slug":"interview-on-the-life-of-fred-eckman-with-david-adams-no-24","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/casit.bgsu.edu\/marblog\/interview-on-the-life-of-fred-eckman-with-david-adams-no-24\/","title":{"rendered":"Interview: On the Life of Fred Eckman with David Adams No. 24"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The Working Lives of Writers<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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In October 2024, David Adams visited his Alma Mater, Bowling Green State University, to read at Prout Chapel, present on the archives of Fred Eckman<\/a>, deliver the archives of Fred Eckman to the archival department at BGSU\u2019s library, and sit down with us at the MAR blog; you\u2019ll find his interview below. This interview was conducted by Elly Salah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fred Eckman was David Adams\u2019 mentor, guide along his path as a poet, and friend for nearly thirty years. In all their time together, Eckman never revealed his history working on CRONOS or The Golden Goose<\/em>, two projects that forged a significant path across post-war literature. The works of Fred Eckman are housed in the Eckman Archive at BGSU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You can learn more about the Eckman Archive at the following link: https:\/\/avalon.bgsu.edu\/media_objects\/12579s858<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n

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Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Can you tell us a little bit about yourself and your time at BGSU\u2019s MFA program? While you were here as a student you worked as the MFA secretary and had a very close relationship with the program\u2019s founder Fred Eckman, what was that like?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Well, Philip O\u2019Connor<\/a> was actually the first director of the MFA program. O\u2019Connor and Eckman were both involved in the planning of the MFA Creative Writing Program which was very condensed because you had to get it approved through the university bureaucracy, and then through the state regents, and, by the time that was all completed, it was fairly late in 1968. The program was set to begin in the Fall of 1969. Eckman didn\u2019t want to be the initial director of the program and deal with all the administrative stuff. O\u2019Connor was hired specifically to help bring the program into existence. It was only natural that O\u2019Connor would see himself in that role, and that\u2019s why he was the first director. I had a couple of classes with O\u2019Connor as an undergraduate at BGSU; I had some familiarity with him. In the summer of 1969, I was recently married and scrambling for employment. O\u2019Connor reached out with a job offer, and I accepted. So, in the daytime, I was working for the university grounds, and, in the evening, I would work for O\u2019Connor, handling correspondence from prospective students; recruiting in that short of a period was a real challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I bet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I handled correspondence for my future classmates. It was kind of a weird thing, and I did some typing of O\u2019Connor\u2019s fiction manuscripts. I did whatever he asked me to do, and it was just an oddity of the circumstances. I was still an undergraduate when the semester started, and I was student teaching at Bowling Green High School to wrap up my bachelor\u2019s degree. But, I was also attending the MFA workshops. Fred rang someone up to get me graduate credit for those workshops that I did. So I wasn\u2019t on an assistantship or anything. There weren\u2019t too many of those because there were no undergraduate writing classes for MFA students to teach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The BFA program in creative writing hadn\u2019t started yet?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oh no! That was years later. The MFA grad students who got assistantships had to teach freshman composition. I was not doing any of that while I was doing student teaching; so that whole first year, I was there without an assistantship, which was hard. It was a strain on my family relations, my marriage, everything else. But I had, at that point, discovered that this was who I was, and I was pressing ahead. As I got through the program, I became less and less enchanted with higher education. I managed to piss off a lot of my creative writing faculty except for Fred Eckman. I especially pissed off Philip O\u2019Connor, temporarily\u2026 That\u2019s another story.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I dropped out of the MFA program with only my thesis and oral exams to finish. After that, I was working two jobs: one, a couple days a week at the University warehouse. I also had a very good friend who had been in the doctoral program here and dropped out to take a job managing a gas station in Toledo. So he hired me to work the night shift. I was doing this split shift stuff, living in a farmhouse in Bowling Green with a doctoral student that Martha Eckman had connected me to and his girlfriend. They were from Texas. I was paying my share of the rent in cash every month. I came home one night from work and the place was cleared out; they were gone. About two days later, the landlord showed up, saying he hadn\u2019t received any rent for three months. He said I could stay three more days, but, after that, I\u2019d better be gone. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The couple was taking your money?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yes. Naturally, I wasn\u2019t thrilled. But I went to Fred Eckman. At that point, he was still a friend and a mentor. I told Fred, \u201cI don\u2019t know what I\u2019m going to do. I don\u2019t have a place to live. I\u2019m barely making a living.\u201d Fred said, \u201cHere\u2019s the deal. I know you\u2019re a stubborn guy, but listen to me, there will be a time when you will be grateful that you have this MFA degree. Come back. I will pay your tuition. You can live in my office while you\u2019re completing your thesis. Type it on my IBM Selectric, and you can shower in the gym. You can get your meals in the union.\u201d And I said, \u201cOk, I\u2019ll do it.\u201d That got me back to the program. I put my committee together. It was Dr.  Edgar (Fred) Daniels<\/a> who was chair of the English department and somehow liked me. I don\u2019t know why. And Dr. Stanley Coffman<\/a>, the provost, who was the chair of my committee. I got the degree. Fred was right because I thought I was just going to be a rebel and work these odd jobs and write my poems whenever. Also, you have to understand, there were not many teaching jobs for MFA graduates at the time. The jobs were not plentiful because there were only four other MFA creative writing programs in the country at that time. We were the fifth. It never occurred to me that I was going to be teaching in that field. And as it turned out, I never did. I taught at the university level off and on for thirty-some years. Only once did I ever teach a creative writing class, and that was only with reluctance. That\u2019s the story of my degree.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

That\u2019s an incredibly touching story.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fred Eckman was an angel to a lot more people than me. But, he and I, for some reason, had an especially close relationship. There were times even further out when I lived in Fred and Martha Eckman\u2019s basement for stretches of time. My recent effort in my work has been to honor Fred Eckman and bring his legacy to wider attention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Could you talk a little bit more about CRONOS and The Golden Goose<\/em><\/a>. Turning these archives into the BGSU library, is that the end of the project for you?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I hope so. It\u2019s been a long road. Eckman never mentioned this work to any of his students. I checked with students who had been his students before I got there. None of them can remember him ever mentioning it. One of the preceding students said, \u201cWell I saw a copy of The Golden Goose<\/em> on his desk once. But Fred didn\u2019t talk about it.\u201d I think there was an abiding anger about the way that the whole thing ended. He just kind of cut it out of his presence. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It\u2019s spectacular you\u2019ve been working so long on preserving his memory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Well, Martha Eckman asked me to. Fred Eckman had a memorial service in the BGSU library after his death. It was 1997. I would\u2019ve been up in New England, probably, on a part-time job at the University of Maine, one of several that I had. I came back for the funeral, and James Thomas (one of MAR\u2019s founders) came back too. Martha asked James and I to come to Kaufman’s place, an upscale eatery in downtown Bowling Green, and talk about this idea she had that somebody needed to produce a volume of Fred\u2019s work but also his critical writings and appreciations by all of the people whom he had supported over the years. So that became Over West: Selected Writings of Frederick Eckman<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I told Martha when she asked that I might be able to interest the director of the National Poetry Foundation in Orono, Maine because I knew it was a period, late 40\u2019s and early 50\u2019s, that the guy was interested in. So I went up to Orono and pitched it to him on everyone\u2019s behalf. He said, \u201cWell, we might be interested if Linda Wagner-Martin<\/a> is attached to the project.\u201d The implication is that she\u2019s somebody and you\u2019re not. [David laughs.] I called Linda, and I said, \u201cWould you be willing to co-edit this?\u201d And Linda said, \u201cAbsolutely.\u201d Then, it was on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Linda Wagner-Martin<\/a> was Fred Eckman\u2019s first doctoral student?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yeah. Linda is incredibly famous in the world of literary scholarship; she wrote her dissertation about William Carlos Williams as a master\u2019s student at BGSU, which she was only allowed to do after Fred Eckman advocated administration. After her dissertation was out there, Wesleyan University Press immediately published it as a book. That was the launch of her scholarly career which continues to this day. She\u2019s still writing. She wrote a very famous book about Sylvia Plath, taking a more measured look at Plath\u2019s life and relationship with Plath\u2019s husband, Ted Hughes, which was very controversial. But Linda concentrated more on the poetry and the fact that as harsh as that relationship was it probably contributed to the quality and value of Plath\u2019s poetry. Ron Johnson, one of my classmates in the MFA program, was married to a woman, a poet, for a long time. After they were divorced, she was dying, and she wrote him a poem. The title of which was: \u201cBeing Married to a Poet is like Having an Operation.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I could see that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I think it\u2019s especially true when two poets marry. I have never had a romantic relationship with another poet. I just think it brings into play too many conflicting issues. I have known some relationships that worked out very well. Not many. But, that line was just so precious. I can imagine what she had to put herself through as Ron Johnson\u2019s wife. And Ron\u2019s a character. You have to think about the other half and what they live through.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Definitely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The publication of Over West <\/em>was a major achievement. I\u2019m really proud of it. We were supposed to do something about Golden Goose<\/em> in there. Originally, I wasn\u2019t going to edit the poetry. I wasn\u2019t sure I was the right one to do that, so I approached Carroll Arnett<\/a>, Eckman\u2019s late-in-life friend and another accomplished poet, who was teaching at Central Michigan University. He agreed to it. When it got to the point where he was supposed to start that, I called him up, his wife answered the phone, and she said, \u201cI\u2019m sorry, but he dropped dead last night at dinner. Massive heart attack.\u201d I was grieving with her. He was a good friend to me as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After that, I talked to Linda Wagner-Martin and she said, \u201cDavid, you\u2019re the person to do this.\u201d  Then, I talked to NPF<\/a> up in Orono, and they agreed. So I did it. I wrote the introduction to the poems. I selected the poems. I solicited contributions from former students. Linda handled the critical side of things. I found out later it\u2019s the only book NPF ever published that actually made money for them. If you try to buy a copy now, it\u2019s very hard to find. They\u2019re going for ridiculous prices, up to $800, and alums have told Lawrence Coates<\/a>, the director of BGSU\u2019s creative writing program, their indebtedness to Eckman as a teacher. So I told Coates, \u201cY’know I have an extra copy of this at home. I want to get it in a place where your students can read it.\u201d I\u2019m very proud of the introduction I wrote. Linda Wagner-Martin wrote a fabulous introduction, touching on his teaching and scholarship. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fred Eckman stopped writing at age 54. You\u2019ve written 11 collections of poetry, releasing one just last year 2023. Ocean Voung came to Toledo recently and said that he wants to come to a place in life where he can stop writing peacefully. Do you envision yourself continuing to publish? Have you ever had the desire to stop writing?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There have been times over my career when I was having difficulty placing poems. One thing that has happened in the last couple of generations is poetry has become more time-bound in terms of what\u2019s trendy and new. Not so much in terms of form but subject matter, and I\u2019ve never been trendy. But, on the other hand, when Eckman stopped, he had been here at BGSU for a very long time: teaching, and doing the same thing. My life has been so erratic and disruptive in terms of place, what I\u2019ve been doing, and where I\u2019ve gone. I keep making discoveries. When I first moved to Maine that was a big door opening for me poetically. When I first started traveling to Micronesia, oh my God, it was a whole new universe on every level: culturally, sensually, the smells, the sounds, the colors. It all just kind of exploded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I think part of the reason, oddly enough, that I\u2019ve been able to keep at it is not so much that I\u2019m well-known enough or anything because that\u2019s not true. It\u2019s just that I keep finding doors opening, doors of experience. I graduated in 1972. It was another two years before I felt like I had found my voice, which is what Fred Eckman kept saying, \u201cYou gotta find your own voice. You have to chart your own path.\u201d I had lots of influences that were drawn into my writing. Because of Randall Jarrell<\/a>\u2019s writing The Lost World<\/em>, I started writing in voice, doing poems in another persona. Because of the things that Fred Eckman opened to us as MFA students; he introduced us to so many things: French poetry, surrealist poetry, imagist poetry, and poetry from different regions. Eckman never expected us to write the way that he did. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even Robert Creeley<\/a> who most people associate with these straight-line, jazz-influenced poems and rhythms. When I met up with Creeley in Cleveland in 1983, he was doing a week\u2019s residency at Cleveland State University. Eckman must\u2019ve talked to him and told Creeley to call me because I was in Cleveland. Creeley called me at my parent\u2019s house and invited me out to dinner. He\u2019d just come back from a State Department tour of Korea. You\u2019d think being in an Asian country, his writing would get even more condensed but no. He said, \u201cIt opened up the need to start writing in longer lines, longer rhythms, more prosaic stuff.\u201d And his later work was like that. Have you ever seen the movie Raider of the Lost Ark<\/em>? Harrison Ford stars in it. There\u2019s a line where he\u2019s all beat up. His love interest, Marion, is trying to clean up his wounds. She wanted to find a place to kiss him where it didn\u2019t hurt. She said, “You’re not the man I knew 10 years ago,\u201d and he said, \u201cIt\u2019s not the years, Marion, it\u2019s the mileage.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When you think of everything Fred Eckman went through, a soul change in him in 1960 when he quit his tenured job at the University of Texas, divorced his wife, and ran off with Martha Eckman to NOLA. They had no job, no anything. Fred and Martha had plans to go to Europe until their money ran out, but BGSU called about a one-year placement job that turned into a much longer career. Fred Eckman was in Bowling Green for about 5 years before the time his son was murdered down in Texas. Somebody asked me at the presentation if I connected Eckman\u2019s drinking with his son\u2019s murder. I said, \u201cIt certainly didn\u2019t help but he was already an alcoholic.\u201d Even in graduate school, Eckman was an alcoholic. When Fred was in graduate school at Ohio State, I could gather from the back-and-forth letters that Richard Wirz Emerson<\/a> was joking about Eckman being a drunk. Eckman was making excuses for not doing tasks because he was hungover. It was a thing that a lot of poets fall into, and some of them never get out of. So Eckman already had that issue, and the grief of his only son\u2019s murder hung with him for the rest of his life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I never specifically asked him about his son\u2019s murder. I just figured it was too deep a wound. I knew it was there, and I needed to tread around it; I tried to. When Eckman finally went on his last bender, he ended up in Saint Charles Hospital in Toledo. I was one of only two people who were allowed to visit him there. When he got out, I was about to leave for Maine. I drove him around town, and I was worried about him. I didn\u2019t know what was coming next. I said to him, \u201cFred, are you going to be okay?\u201d And Fred said, \u201cYes, I\u2019ve decided that I want to live.\u201d He had no relapses after that. He was sober for the rest of his life. But the physical damage had already been done. He lived with arthritis, pain, and the cancer of the esophagus, which eventually took him. So yeah\u2026 It\u2019s not the years but the mileage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Have you heard this quote from Helen Vendler, \u201cImmediate challenges arise for a lyric poet who is writing a poem about history.\u201d I was wondering if you agree, and, if so, how would you classify yourself as a poet?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fred Eckman once labeled me a “lyrrative” poet (a term coined by Eckman), and it\u2019s true, I think. I talked about my affinity for Randall Jarrell and his critical writing. Jarrell\u2019s famous, first book of criticism Poetry and the Age<\/em> <\/a>is essential reading for any poet. He quotes in there, \u201cWithin every poem, no matter how short, are the bones of a story,\u201d and to illustrate that he quotes the two-line poem of  Bion of Borysthenes, A Greek Philosopher, \u201cThough boys throw stones at frogs in sport, the frogs do not die in sport but in earnest.\u201d I find that to be true because poetry is so compressed compared to regular prose; even my prose poems are story poems. Fred\u2019s description that he stuck on me was apt. Other people along the way, Ha, they always try to classify you somehow, and I don\u2019t care. I\u2019m just making the poems that I make, but I think that\u2019s as good a description as I\u2019ve ever had: lyrrative poet. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

That quote is true. I do a lot of that, especially when I\u2019m writing for music. There\u2019s a chapter in my memoir Casual Labor<\/em><\/a> called \u201cRoots & Branches.\u201d I have many of these people, characters. Fred was in there, Linda\u2019s in there. Suzanne Ferguson.<\/a> My best friend of my life, Terry Plunkett<\/a>. Terry was dead by the time I wrote the memoir, but Linda and Suzanne are alive; they still help me as readers. This was a third-person memoir, I let them pick their own names. The poet Dana Gioia<\/a>, whom I met a couple of times, encourages poets as they go along in life to try new things. One of the things he urged them to do was try to write librettos for opera, and I have done that. I have an opera that I wrote with a composer. Last year, we completed the opera, which is based on a historical incident I first encountered while teaching at Cornell. I was working in the engineering college, team-teaching with an engineering physicist who turned me onto a book called The Making of the Atomic Bomb<\/em> by Richard Roads. It\u2019s a really compelling book. That book is absolutely essential for understanding the history of the 20th century. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

There was a little vignette in that book about Clara Haber<\/a>, who was the wife of Fritz Haber<\/a>, the Nobel Prize winning chemist and the father of the German poison gas program in WWI. The opera I wrote is a tragic story that ends in Clara\u2019s suicide. I read that little vignette and decided some day to write something about it. I didn\u2019t know it wasn\u2019t going to be a libretto until I considered Dana\u2019s advice; he has a whole book about writing librettos<\/a>, and he wrote libretto<\/a> from an opera that was performed. I read the entire correspondence history between Richard Strauss<\/a> and the poet Nicholas von Hoffmansthal, Strauss’ longtime librettist; they produced many operas together. The correspondence gives you some insight on how writing a libretto is; it can still be poetry, but it is very different from a freestanding poem; in that, you need to have room for the music, room for the dramatic interpretation of the words by the singers.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I had written some songs with a composer from Cleveland that were recorded; we had initially started working on an opera together that never got off the ground because of her megalomania. She wanted control of everything, so everybody she had engaged in the project quit. I learned some things about working with composers that helped me when I started working with Dawn Sonntag<\/a> on this opera about Clara Haber. Dawn\u2019s husband is someone she met while living in Germany, and she knew a little bit about the story of Clara. I met Dawn at an opera workshop at Baldwin Wallace University while I was considering working with this megalomaniac again on another opera, which, again, proved disastrous. I learned my lesson; I thought Dawn would be someone who could work this story. That kind of collaboration is never easy, but we worked through it; what we have is a valuable product that is probably running into the headwinds of the fact that it\u2019s a story that happened more than a century ago, but the themes of it: the struggles of assimilated Jews in Germany and how they validated themselves, the idea of science being co-opted for national military policy, the subjected role of women in that time, even in the field of someone who’s got a PhD in Chemistry. Clara thought she was marrying into an ideal situation where two scientists would cooperate for the better of humankind, and she ended up being relegated to the role of Hausfrau <\/em>(German word for housewife.) When Fritz had run off for the last gas attack that Clara had begged him not to go to, she looked out the window of their room, and she saw him in the embrace of his secretary, so Clara grabbed Fritz\u2019s revolver with the intention of going down to the garden and killing them both, but they had gone. They had disappeared. In the story, she\u2019s racing around in the garden and finally points the gun on herself, and that\u2019s how the opera ends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

That\u2019s so tragic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yes, it\u2019s a tragic opera. Tragedy is historically part of opera. We thought it was a story that should have timeliness. It was just a question of finding someone willing to commission a performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Did that end up becoming a performance?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

We hope so, but it hasn\u2019t yet. Unfortunately, Dawn got long-COVID last year, and it completely zapped her energy. She\u2019s not been able to promote it, and she\u2019s trying to scrape out a living as a choral teacher, commissioning other work. I\u2019m not that plugged into the world of opera. Even in our contract, Dawn is the one who handles the business side of things, which is appropriate. A composer usually does that; the librettist always has a secondary role.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Does writing libretto influence your poetry?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yes. When I was at Cornell, I fell in with this Bluegrass group, and I became one of their roadies. We composed a number of Bluegrass songs together, which got recorded, and I still have them. I learned something about writing for a singer, and what one has to change to allow them to express themselves with the music. Reading Dana\u2019s book was very helpful in that regard. I read several books on the history of opera. When you get off on one of these tangents\u2026 I think I mentioned my motto at last night\u2019s reading. People tell me my poems are complicated, and I use this slogan that I saw at a dive shack in Chuuk Lagoon, Micronesia which is a scuba diving Mecca, and the slogan there is: Go Deep or Go Home<\/em>. Poetry is not supposed to be easy; it’s a compressed language. Even in that two-line poem, once you start thinking about it, there really is a story that could grow out of those two lines when one wrestles with them, considers them for a while, and that’s certainly true of the music that you put into a lyrrative poem. One of my classmates, whom I became very close to, once told me his definition of a good poem: It’s gotta have music, and it’s gotta have soul. <\/em>I\u2019ve taken that to heart. Lately, I\u2019ve started casting my poems in centered lines on the page for musical reasons because I want a reader to be able to hear the rhythm of a poem more precisely, and me too; that\u2019s not a new thing. John Donne did it. John Keats did it. I decided to experiment with it, not every poem, but certain poems I do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

What did you study as an undergraduate at BGSU?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I had a dual major in history and political science. I didn\u2019t become an English major until after I met Fred Eckman. After I met Fred, I switched to English, but, in order for me to actually graduate, I had to go the English education track because that was a faster way to get to graduation which my family, my wife-to-be, everybody was on my case about it. But I\u2019ve never lost my interest in history. I read extensively in history, even now. Right now, I\u2019m reading the biography of Rudolf Diesel, who created the diesel engine. He did so for environmental reasons because the first diesel engines ran on peanut oil, not petroleum; and he was murdered by somebody who viewed him, to an extent, like John D. Rockefeller or Kaiser Wilhelm II because he was sharing technology with the British and the Americans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do you find poetic inspiration in history?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yes, I have. Sometimes, there\u2019s a story in there that\u2019s so compelling, which is what happened with the Richard Roads book<\/a>. For my work, reading history has inspired a series of poems in which I imagined photography by the Hungarian photographer Andr\u00e9 Kert\u00e9sz<\/a>. I imagined photos that he did not actually create, that would represent the path of history during his working life. One of those imaginings was a photograph of Edward Teller as a young student in Munich. Edward Teller, who would later become the father of the hydrogen bomb, and other imaginings of Kert\u00e9sz\u2019s experiences during the communist revolution in Hungary, following the end of WWI. It was called the Vanilla Revolution<\/a> because all the formed communes ever produced was vanilla ice cream. Essentially, Kert\u00e9sz was kicked out of his house, his family\u2019s possessions were taken; he immigrated, and a lot of the Hungarian Jews did. Right after the collapse of the communist revolution, a very right-wing Anti-Semitic regime took over Hungary, and they still have one now. A lot of the Hungarian Jews fled to Germany, which they thought was a haven.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When something I\u2019m reading really hits me like that. If it hits me in a way that I can imagine as turning into a good poem, I\u2019ll write the poem. When I started going to Micronesia, I read everything that I could about Micronesian history. I made friends with a really wonderful photographer who did the cover photo on my most recent book and is my photography mentor. He fed me books, and I got to know the former national President of the Federated States of Micronesia. I got to know a really ornery old guy in the Marshall Islands who had wonderful stories to tell; he was the first Micronesian to receive a degree in an American college, which happened to be Heidelberg University in Tiffin, Ohio. I had to learn the history and the culture to be able to function in Micronesia as a consultant because if you want them to change something they\u2019re doing with their education in the colleges, it has to be their idea; you can\u2019t tell them what to do. People are always doing that, coming in to tell them, \u201cThis is what you have to do.\u201d I approached it differently; it was a question of leading them to discovery. I read the poem \u201cBikini\u201d last night about nuclear testing. There\u2019s a long history there; and a legacy that\u2019s happened ever since of radiation poisoning. You see the grandchildren of people, who were impacted by testing, who are deformed, walking around in the capitol. It\u2019s just a horrible legacy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Those events were not that long ago.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Three years after I moved back to the States, I was teaching a course at John Carroll University. But even when I was teaching at the University of Maine, the lack of knowledge of history was one of the most striking things that I saw while teaching undergraduates and to their detriment, I think. For those students, Vietnam might as well have been as far back as WWII. They don\u2019t know anything about it anymore. It\u2019s sad. They don\u2019t want to know because it\u2019s work to find out. I read another poem last night that came from my experience in Micronesia. I wrote it for a friend of mine, who was a BG graduate, and her father was stationed at Pearl Harbor during the attack. It was part of the dynamic of the poem that my generation of parents who lived through the Depression and WWII left a legacy of silence as we were growing up. They would not talk about their experiences. We knew nothing about their experience; we just didn\u2019t talk about it. Now, we think of war as serious stuff, and it is; but there has been nothing in the world that compares to the scope, and the reach, and the consequences of WWII. I wanted to write a poem that brought all those things together, and I did that. History remains an abiding concern. I have two old friends; we exchange history books. It\u2019s sort of a history book club. We keep each other excited about things we\u2019ve just discovered. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

You\u2019re always on a path of discovery?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yes. One of the reasons that I\u2019ve been able to keep writing. If the doors close, and they\u2019ll close at some point, on my publishing opportunities because most of the people who publish me are roughly in my generation, then I\u2019ll keep writing as long as I feel like I can make a poem. One of the things Fred Eckman instilled in us, and I learned from reading Randall Jarrell and other writers that I admire; it\u2019s the making of the poem itself that\u2019s the greatest joy. Once it\u2019s written, the poem is out of your control anyway. You can\u2019t control what people think when they read your poem unless you\u2019re there to explain it to them. When publishing goes away, and if I live long enough\u2026 I\u2019m burning the short end of the candle at this point. A lot of my contemporaries and classmates are already gone. One of the things I learned from being a hospice volunteer was this slogan of living with gratitude: Wake up each day and be grateful for the day. Try to make good use of it<\/em>. It\u2019s something that people of your young age probably don\u2019t think about that much. I\u2019ve always concentrated on the work of making the poetry; I have not done as good a job as Fred did in passing that legacy along because I didn\u2019t teach creative writing very much.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

How do you feel about grading poetry?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oh, I hate it. You\u2019re dealing with people who used to be you. That was Fred\u2019s great gift. He could get you to see the flaws in your writing but not in a judgemental way. He also had enormous patience with us. I\u2019m a patient guy, but I don\u2019t want to be in that position. When I was in Maine, I had to supervise a couple of honors theses, and I had my patience tested enormously in that process. What I found is that my colleagues, in order to avoid stress, were just kind of passing whatever, and the standards went down. Fred never let us get away with shit, but he had a way of not letting us get away with it that wasn\u2019t threatening. That\u2019s a very hard thing to pull off. It was not me; part of finding yourself as a poet is finding out what to do. Making a living teaching poetry was never something that I wanted to do. I very much enjoyed working with engineering students to teach them how to become better writers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Could you talk about your work as a technical writer? You mentioned yesterday the stochastic effect<\/a>\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I\u2019ve learned a lot from working with very smart, talented engineers because I\u2019ve always managed to work in good engineering colleges, especially Cornell. First of all, I was amazed that they hired me because I\u2019ve been told that they don\u2019t hire graduates of public institutions. Cornell considers themselves an elite engineering college, and they are. Although, they were not the best students that I ever encountered. The faculty at Cornell made you feel like you had to be the best at what you were doing, and that challenge was never stated; but you felt it while working with the engineers. That pressure made me a much better partner because we were team-teaching these courses. I carried that knowledge to Michigan State University. I even did it while teaching an MBA program at Johnson & Wales University in Rhode Island. The head of the NPF at the University of Maine told me something very interesting once, \u201cYa\u2019know if I write a paper about Ezra Pound, and it turns out I\u2019m completely off base\u2026 Well, nothing happens. But if an engineer is designing a bridge or a highway or a building and the writing, design, or planning they do is flawed\u2026 Well, people can die and have died because of that.\u201d At Michigan State, we had a whole course about engineering disasters; we read a study stating something like 80% of the cases resulting in disasters were due to faulty communication. Engineering students don\u2019t think they\u2019re going to have to write, but we show them the surveys that I initiated from employers. \u00be of an engineer’s working life is spent speaking, listening, writing, or reading. When you start to show young engineers that their future employers have those concerns, you get their attention. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The teaching model that I evolved at the University of New Haven, specifically integrates writing into every engineering course. Typically, what happens when engineering students go to take a required writing course, is they\u2019ll go to the English department, faculty who know nothing about engineering. The students hate it and put it off until the last minute, so they\u2019ll graduate without learning writing skills. To this day, at New Haven, it\u2019s the first instance where a college of engineering has done that integration at all four years, across all seven engineering programs, culminating in a senior design project that incorporates writing. At this point, they\u2019re the only engineering college in the world that has accomplished that. I\u2019m very proud of that. The engineering guidebook<\/a> that I wrote, which evolved, is in its fourth edition, and I\u2019m very proud of that. It\u2019s made a difference. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

You\u2019ve definitely made a difference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

When I first went to the University of Maine after I left Michigan State, I saw a student on campus who looked familiar, but I couldn\u2019t place him. A couple of days later, he approached me, \u201cProfessor Adams, you probably don\u2019t remember me, but I was in the Fluid Mechanics course that you were team-teaching at Michigan State University. I just wanted to tell you that I hated your guts\u2026 at the time. Since I got here, my professors have been telling me that my writing is far ahead of other students, and I\u2019m really grateful for what you put me through.\u201d That\u2019s the type of feedback that you typically don\u2019t get, especially when you\u2019ve moved around like me. My engineering career was a way to make a living, and it\u2019s all due to Martha Eckman, who encouraged us to audit her tech-writing course, which was established only after Martha completed her stint as an English department advisor. It became my way of making a living, to support my writing; it was partially due to my background in construction that I was able to fit in with the engineers. I did a rough count the other day between everything I\u2019ve done: my work in engineering colleges, my consulting, my work in private industry as a tech writer; I have probably published between 5500-6000 pages of writing. My poetry is a fraction of that. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

That\u2019s incredible. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I look back on my legacy\u2026 People have told me, out in Micronesia, \u201cYou have a legacy of achievement out here that has made a difference.\u201d That came from the president of the country, in the FSM, and from the cranky old guy I got to know in the Marshall Islands, from the president of the college where I was teaching in Saipan. So yeah. That\u2019s a lot of writing. I didn\u2019t do it all alone, but that was the production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

My final question is related to your reading at Prout Chapel last night. Yesterday, you made this beautiful comparison between horse riding and poetry. You said, \u201cIf it doesn\u2019t humble you, you\u2019re going to go off the rails.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

That wasn\u2019t me. That was Buck Brannaman<\/a> who said it to me when I told him I could see the relationship between learning how to make a poem and learning how to work a horse. That was Buck\u2019s answer to me as he slapped me on my shoulder, and nearly broke it, but I think it\u2019s true. It\u2019s easy to get caught up in what I call the \u201cdiva aspect\u201d of any of the arts. I remember an experience that I had at Cornell where my landlord, an artist, invited me to a gathering of some fellow artists; some of the artists were from NYC, and they were talking about another\u2019s work and said, \u201cOh, that work I\u2019ve seen \u2013 so last year!\u201d I laughed so hard I almost fell out of my chair. You even see this in classical music, soloists, and conductors. I have very good friends who play in the Cleveland Orchestra, and they\u2019re not like that. They\u2019re arguably the finest, classical ensemble in the world, which isn\u2019t just my opinion. The conductor of the Cleveland Orchestra, Franz Welser-M\u00f6st,<\/a> put out a memoir called After Silence <\/em>in which he explains the importance for artists, particularly composers and musicians, to appreciate the role of silence and humility in their work, and that aligns with the horsemanship. Horsemanship was another one of those doors that opened for me. I never knew about any of it. I never knew how philosophical horses are, and how sensitive and intelligent they can be. If you approach horses in the right way, what you can get them to do is just sort of amazing. Last night, I mentioned, that if you can find that documentary, Buck<\/em><\/a>, then watch it. It will change your life as a poet; it will. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

I can\u2019t ride anymore. I don\u2019t have my horse anymore, but I did find him a really good home. I continue to work with horses at the barn where I used to ride. The guy asked me to work with a troublesome mare that he wanted to use as a lesson horse, but the horse kept bucking off these kids who did the wrong thing. I said, \u201cSure, I can do that,\u201d because I worked with another horse that tried to kill me when I first started riding. But it was because of something that had happened in his past which we didn\u2019t know about. It took me six months to work that out of him, following Buck\u2019s advice. When I met up with Buck in Fort Worth, I told him all about it; he said, \u201cDavid, you\u2019ve got to do something. That horse is going to kill someone,\u201d and horses do kill people, so Buck said, \u201cI want you to come here, go down to the front row, and watch the horses all morning. These horses have never been ridden, never been handled; they come here right off the prairie. Everything you see in them is going to be fear. You can\u2019t do anything with a horse unless you overcome that fear. Watch the way they hold their feet, the positioning of their bodies, what their tail is doing; you have to be cognizant of all of those things at once. If you can get the horse to trust you, you\u2019ll be a safety partner for them. You can take their fear away. The horses know they\u2019ll be safe with you.\u201d I did that with this other horse; it took about six months, but now he has little eight-year-olds riding around on him. He\u2019s just as gentle as could be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Is removing fear an important part of writing poetry as well?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Adams:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Horse riding did affect my teaching. I became more patient with my students because I\u2019d gotten to a point of frustration. I could feel myself becoming impatient. In those last years of teaching, I became more patient in my teaching; I became more aware of when I could see a student\u2019s insecurities, and what I could do to respond to those insecurities positively. So yeah, I guess it did. If I were teaching poetry, I probably would\u2019ve done the same thing with young poets. I know Fred never rode a horse, but I think he was doing the same thing with us.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interviewer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thank you for your time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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